AUGUST BANK HOLIDAY OVER ENGLAND, WALES & NORTHERN IRELAND. (Also SCOTLAND from the late 1990's)


 General introduction . . .
 Quick-Look summary: 1960 to current . . .
 Holiday highlights . . .
 Selected holidays: pre-1960. . .
 Catalogue: 1960 - 1989
 Catalogue: 1990 - present day
 "We're all going on a ... Summer Holiday! . . .
 Weather notes relating to August Bank Holidays . . .
 Notes re: UK Bank / Public holidays . . .

General introduction . . .

These notes generally only make reference to the weather over England, Wales and Northern Ireland (EWNI), as this is a public holiday in these places, not just a bank holiday. Scotland have their public holiday, as the rest of the UK used to do, at the beginning of August. However, from 1997, I have included Scotland as well for the sake of completeness. The change (for EWNI) occurred in 1965 .. enacted by a Labour government, although the change was promulgated in March of 1964, when the Conservatives were in power.
(note that I have included the Friday, as most people seem to 'slope-off' on that day.)
(The Republic of Ireland also have their PH at the beginning of August, although there is some debate about whether they might change the holiday to the end of the month.)


(For more on Bank / Public holidays in the UK, click HERE)


'Quick-Look' Summary . . .

 1960  Turning cooler: windy start in north. Showers for most.
 1961  Wet/windy start, then brighter/showery: sunnier/ drier Monday.
 1962  Cool/unsettled north; showery/brighter south.
 1963  Thundery rain: warm/sunny in south on Monday.
 1964  Fine/warm weather after drizzle band moved southeast. Sunny Monday.
 1965  Breezy. Some sunshine. Rain amounts small. Best in West of England.
 1966  Dry but strong east wind: violent thundery breakdown - heavy rain.
 1967  A lot of fine, dry & warm weather. Cloudier in northwest.
 1968  A mixed weekend: showery/cool NW; ocnl rain, but warmer in the SE.
 1969  Mainly dry & fine with plenty of sunshine. Chillier, cloudier in parts of SE.
 1970  Some fine weather, but rain/strong winds for many by Monday.
 1971  Unsettled, often windy. Cooler after locally warm start. Rain for most.
 1972  Dry but dull. Cool in north & on east coasts. Chilly east winds.
 1973  Warm/sunny start; cooler/damp from west. Thundery rain SE Monday.
 1974  Cyclonic/Showery-rain for many but dry/fine locally in SE. Blustery winds.
 1975  Mostly settled & anticyclonic: average temperatures, but warm in SE.
 1976  Thundery breakdown to a famous drought. Welcome downpours for many.
 1977  Unsettled; thundery rain in SE. Becoming fine & locally warm.
 1978  Dry/anticyclonic; indifferent temperatures - cool in often cloudy north & east.
 1979  Unreliable/coolish. Wet in south on Saturday. Some cold nights.
 1980  Anticyclonic, often chilly. Ground frost in places. Less chilly by Monday.
 1981  Mainly dry/anticyclonic, becoming coolish. Thundery outbreaks in SW.
 1982  Unreliable/mainly cyclonic: near-average temperatures. Cool, showery on Monday.
 1983  Anticyclonic, settled & reasonably warm: often cloudy.
 1984  Cyclonic (locally thundery) start, becoming anticyclonic/warm. Strong coast sun.
 1985  Unsettled, cyclonic and cool. Mainly dry by Monday but rather cloudy.
 1986  Unsettled/cyclonic/cool: a notably 'bad' holiday ('Charley' strikes).
 1987  Anticyclonic/rather cloudy: Many places dry/warm Monday.
 1988  Unsettled, cyclonic: coolish. Often windy. Wet on Saturday.
 1989  Becoming unsettled/cool. Blustery north wind, easing by Monday.
 1990  Notably thundery start then fine/warm, locally very warm.
 1991  Unsettled early becoming warm/anticyclonic. Notably sunny south coast.
 1992  Unsettled/cyclonic/cool - often windy. Unusually deep depression.
 1993  Mostly dry/anticyclonic: becoming warmer. Not a bad Monday in south.
 1994  Cyclonic: scattered showers. Mainly fine central & southern areas.
 1995  Mostly dry; becoming warm for a time, then cool from north.
 1996  Showery & cool. Often windy. Fine coastal sunshine Monday.
 1997  Becoming unsettled/cooler after very warm start in south. Local downpours.
 1998  Fine/warm start; spoilt by areas of cloud. Freshening wind on Monday.
 1999  Fine, reasonably warm south; good start north; downhill with rain by Monday.
 2000  Warm/sunny Friday, then cooler/unsettled. Showers for most: often heavy/thundery.
 2001  Not bad overall: fine Monday; spoilt in SE by thundery rain on Sunday.
 2002  Mixed bag: increasingly fine/warm inland Scotland/NI; cool/cloudy SE Britain.
 2003  Dry for most; irregular sunshine but generally above average temperatures.
 2004  Chilly, brisk wind. Rain for most, but sunshine too. Not bad in Southwest.
 2005  Fine/warm south, central & east England; Windy, some rain north - sunshine too.
 2006  Showers for most, but also sunny, dry spells: often brisk, cool wind.
 2007  Fine & dry for many over England & Wales; warm too, though cooler western coasts. More cloud further north.
 2008  Not spectacular, but not a washout; rain about, but periods of sunshine most days. Breezy, especially north.

Holiday Highlights . . .
Some GOOD ones ....

2007
Coming after a summer of high rainfall and indifferent or low temperatures, this August Bank Holiday (England, Wales & Northern Ireland) was very welcome! With the high pressure settling down to the west or west-south-west of the British Isles, the further south and east you were, the more the sun shone, and temperatures responded as a result. They weren't spectacular, because the surface wind had the north or northwesterly component, but the south coast fared very well. As you went further north or northwest, then more cloud (at times), with some patchy rain, but even here not too bad. Shetland though had a poor weekend of declining temperatures & on a couple of days strong (or gale-force) winds, ending up with a maximum of only 11degC on Monday - though of course it wasn't a holiday in the islands.


2001
Not bad overall. Very warm, locally hot across the English Midlands and southern lowlands - also SE Wales on Friday & Saturday: Warmest Bank Holiday Saturday in London/Home Counties since the holiday was switched to the end of August (1965). However, whilst central & northern areas (including Scotland & Northern Ireland) had a fine Sunday, the south, particularly SE England had an overcast, humid, thundery day on Sunday - temperatures 10degC lower than the previous day. Monday made up for all though, with most having a fine, sunny day. Subjectively, overall: the 'best' since 1993.


1991
On the Friday, it was cool and windy, and did not promise well, with a scattering of sometimes heavy showers. However, with a good recovery of pressure behind a retreating/filling deep depression, day maxima on Sunday reached 22 or 23 degC over Northern Ireland and northern England, locally higher, and up to 25 degC in the south. By Bank Holiday Monday, all areas were fine and warm, though there was a lot of cloud at times in the north as a weak cold front fragmented on coming southeast. Best locations once again on the English south coast and Channel Islands: with Herne Bay, Southsea, Guernsey and Torquay all figuring in the max. sunshine stakes. Highest Temperature over the weekend: 27.0 degC on Monday at Heathrow.

1955
Pressure was already high to the north and west of these islands on Friday, but a chill north wind brought showers to some eastern areas for a time. However, even these faded away as the ridge toppled southeastwards during Saturday - with dry weather for most for the rest of the weekend. A fine Holiday Monday, with light or moderate breezes, large amounts of sunshine and inland afternoon temperatures for many into the mid-20's degC, and locally higher in the sheltered east and sunnier central and southern districts of England. Not a 'spectacular' one in terms of temperature, but it stands out in the middle part of the 1950's as many of the others were rather poor.


Some BAD ones ....

1986
The weekend got off to a bad start on the Friday, with a morning (night minimum) temperature in the Belfast area of just 10 degC, and during the day, with lots of thick cloud, (but not much rain), day maxima only reached 11 or 12 degC across the Province! In England and Wales, day maxima on the Friday were somewhat better, but only in the range 16 to 20 degC. The depression bringing areas of cloud and rain moved away, and the weather tried to pick up during Saturday and Sunday, though day maxima on Sunday were still disappointing: 17 degC across Northern Ireland, and 18 or 19 degC across England and Wales. Many areas were dry as well, though sunshine was fitful in places. However, come the Monday, and ex-tropical depression 'Charley' brought strong winds, heavy rain and notably cool conditions to most of the UK. The day maxima ranged from 12 degC in Belfast to 17 or 18 degC across southern and some eastern areas of England, with notably heavy falls of rain, and some flooding. (See attached sheets for other details.) For most, it was a disastrous Bank Holiday Monday, but its worth noting that in Scotland, where it wasn't a public holiday, the weather was dry, if rather cool.

1976
This Bank/Public Holiday is notable of course, because of the infamous break-down on the 1976 drought/hot spell. After several weeks of hot, baking dry weather, cooler weather spread south-westwards on the Friday and Saturday, bringing heavy rain/thunderstorms in places. Many stations recorded an inch or more of rain in 24h ... some places 2 inches, and because we had all got rather fed up with the drought, and Denis Howell (Harold Wilson's "Minister for Drought"), by this time, no-one minded!

1966
A lot of dry weather on the first three days, with sunshine, but spoilt by the nagging southeast or easterly winds on the southern flank of a strong anticyclone centred in the southern Norwegian Sea. As a result of the winds, and sometimes cloudy skies, temperatures were held back to 'near-average' values, but some sheltered western areas fared well. The weather started breaking down on 28th(Sunday) in the southwest as a depression edged northeastward, and by Monday, in addition to strong/gusty winds, there were outbreaks of heavy/thundery rain in many places. Violent thunderstorms occurred on the Monday. The storms did considerable damage; many main roads were flooded, in places to a depth of 30 cm or more causing chaos to holiday traffic.

1956
The weather pattern was very disturbed. Bank Holiday Monday was a notably poor day - regarded at the time as 'one of the worst on record'! The day was dominated by a cool northerly airflow: There were some spectacular thunderstorms, with large hail and some 4ft (around 1m) of water causing flooding in Tunbridge Wells (Kent). At one point, the centre of the town was buried under a foot (~30cm) of hail-ice, with drifts of hailstones up to 4ft (~1m) deep. The midday temperature in central London was just 13degC (c.f. the average day maximum of 22degC). On this measure, it was regarded as the coldest Bank Holiday Monday in the capital since 1880.
[ This August was one of the coldest and wettest of the 20th century. ]


The Great British Bank Holiday . . .

Over the period that the main summaries on this site cover (1960 onwards), the holiday habits of people in these islands have changed dramatically. In 1960, disposable income (the amount left over to a family once essentials had been paid) was limited - though growing. For many 'working-class' families, a holiday of any kind was something to be planned and saved-for in the twelve-month before the event, and savoured when it actually arrived. Unlike now, for instance, it was unheard of to take your children out of school for a 'break', and the August Bank Holiday (at the beginning of August for the whole of the UK until 1965), was part of the annual one or two-week getaway to the seaside or the Dales. Poor weather was not welcome, but we were more stoic then - if it rained, or it was cold, you found shelter as best you could, or got wet! The more adventurous camping out peered through tent-flaps at the river of mud flowing across the camp-site; the lucky ones with caravans or their cars were better off: munching through food carefully prepared in the morning, hoping that the clouds would lift and the waves of driving rain would go away somewhere else. Fun Fairs did thriving business: this was the 'heyday' of the holiday camp, where guaranteed shelter and "something to do" could be found. A holiday to sunnier, warmer spots was something for 'the rich'.

Then, along came the package holiday - these first appeared in the latter part of the sixties, but the real explosion of same came through the seventies and early eighties, though initially the horizons were limited: the Spanish 'Costas', followed by the Greek islands found hordes of 'Brits' decamping from aircraft and turning up at hotels - the latter sometimes not quite finished!

Now, although there were ups and downs, prosperity spread wider and deeper through the population, and the importance of the (now) last weekend in August faded. No longer part of the extended holiday - it was more likely to be something where you dug the car out and headed for the coast 'on the offchance': the rise of the Bank Holiday car-boot sales, pop/rock concerts, carnivals etc., dates from the 1980s shift in holiday habits.

Today, the August Bank Holiday weekend is the last major holiday of the year, and as such is psychologically important - but no longer does is perhaps carry the import of old: many now will have two or more periods away - and not necessarily within the British Isles. With transport links cheaper, more frequent and varied, the rise of the short-break to almost anywhere other than your own back yard has arrived!


The weather at the end of August . . .

Average day maxima at the end of August vary from 17 or 18degC across inland urban areas of lowland Scotland and eastern Northern Ireland, to as high as 20 or 21degC in the English Home Counties. In the principal south coastal resorts, average afternoon 'highs' are around 20degC.
The day-length at this time of year (late August) is noticeably decreasing (and with it the potential sunshine), and temperatures generally fall steadily during the first few weeks of September. However, the sun is still high enough, and therefore strong enough to feel very warm. We are, however, over 2 months past the longest day (21st or 22nd June in most years), and also past the period when the highest temperatures are usually found: in broad terms, for many sites the highest temperatures on average are found within the last two weeks of July, or the first two weeks of August - there are however notable exceptions when June and September can claim this honour. The end of August though is as good a time as any for a break: the sea temperatures are at a maximum and the evenings and nights (for the ubiquitous Barbecue) are not usually too chilly - unless the wind blows!


Martin Rowley
August, 2008
http://booty.org.uk/booty.weather/metindex.htm